Normalizing hostility: TikTok netizens and hate speech on Ahmad Sahroni
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33751/albion.v8i1.29Abstract
This study examines hate speech in the comment sections of TikTok news accounts discussing Ahmad Sahroni, a prominent Indonesian political figure. As social media increasingly shapes public opinion and political discourse, understanding how hostile language is produced and circulated online has become essential. The objective of this research is to analyze the linguistic, discursive, and ideological features of hate speech using Fairclough’s (1995) Critical Discourse Analysis framework supported by van Dijk’s (2008) socio-cognitive approach. Data were collected from five major TikTok news accounts, with twenty-five top-liked comments selected for analysis. The findings show that hate speech appears through insults, negative labeling, sarcasm, accusations, and mockery, while some comments reinforce broader narratives of public distrust toward political elites. These results highlight how TikTok’s algorithm and user interaction patterns contribute to the visibility and normalization of hostile discourse. The study provides insights that can support digital literacy efforts and inform policy discussions.
References
Akinsanya, T. (2024). Media and hate speech: A discursive study of hate speech on Nairaland forum. Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(4), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v3i4.268
Al-Hakim, M. F., & Ritonga, M. H. (2025). Analysis of netizens’ linguistic politeness in the comment section of posts about naturalised players on TikTok. Indonesian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(3), 507–520.
Chetty, N., & Alathur, S. (2018). Hate speech review in the context of online social networks. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 40, 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2018.05.003
Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. Longman.
Hassim, M. N., Nasir, N. N. A. M., & Zamri, N. (2024). Hate speech in the digital age: A study in terms of impact and social implications. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 9(38), 6–10.
Inayah, F. Z., Faizah, A. N., & Kamila, F. I. (n.d.). Politeness strategies in netizens’ comments on public figures: A case study on Fuji An’s TikTok. Essence: Journal of English Language Teaching, Linguistics, and Literature, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.33367/essence.v2i1.7851
Jacques, E. T., Basch, C. H., Fera, J., & Jones, V. II. (2023). #StopAsianHate: A content analysis of TikTok videos focused on racial discrimination against Asians and Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dialogues in Health, 2, Article 100089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100089
Jalli, N. (2025). Viral justice: TikTok activism, misinformation, and the fight for social change in Southeast Asia. Social Media + Society, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051251318122
Khlopotunov, Y. Y. (2024). Hate speech in American political discourse: A functional-linguistic analysis. The Russian Journal of Cultural Studies and Communication, 2(4), 24–34.
MacAvaney, S., Yao, H. R., Yang, E., Russell, K., Goharian, N., & Frieder, O. (2019). Hate speech detection: Challenges and solutions. PLoS ONE, 14(8), Article e0221152. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221152
Medina Serrano, J. C., Papakyriakopoulos, O., & Hegelich, S. (2020). Dancing to the partisan beat: A first analysis of political communication on TikTok. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM Conference on Web Science (pp. 257–266). https://doi.org/10.1145/3394231.3397916
Mubarok, Y., Sudana, D., & Gunawan, W. (2024). Hate speech in the comments column on Instagram: A discourse analysis. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 12(1), 439–450. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v12i1.9050
Siegel, A. A. (2020). Online hate speech. In N. Persily & J. A. Tucker (Eds.), Social media and democracy: The state of the field, prospects for reform. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108890960
Silaban, R. D., Pulungan, A. H., & Ginting, I. P. (2024). Netizens’ comments on an Indonesian news social media platform Detikcom: A microstructure analysis. Journal of Language and Pragmatics Studies, 3(2), 86–91.
Solovev, K., & Pröllochs, N. (2022). Hate speech in the political discourse on social media: Disparities across parties, gender, and ethnicity. In Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2022 (pp. 3656–3661). https://doi.org/10.1145/3485447.3512242
Syahputra, I. (2019). Expressions of hatred and the formation of spiral of anxiety on social media in Indonesia. SEARCH Journal of Media and Communication Research, 11(1), 95–112.
Tahir, I., & Ramadhan, M. G. F. (2024). Hate speech on social media: Indonesian netizens’ hate comments on presidential talk shows on YouTube. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 27(1), 230–251.
van Dijk, T. A. (2008). Discourse and power. Palgrave Macmillan.
Widodo, J. S. (2023). Critical discourse analysis of news headlines on Syafri Harto’s sexual harassment case. Journal Albion: Journal of English Literature, Language, and Culture, 5(2), 63–74.
Yusuf, A. B., & Resha, F. (2025). Cyberpragmatics of politeness in netizens’ comments on the Indonesian president’s Instagram posts. Lingue: Jurnal Bahasa, Budaya, dan Sastra, 7(1), 144–156.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal Albion : Journal of English Literature, Language, and Culture

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.





